2K6CE 304 SURVEYING I

MODULE 1 (13 hours)
Introduction – classification of surveys – reconnaissance – principle of working from whole to part – provision of control – conventional signs – Chain survey – instruments – principles – field book – plotting – tie line and check line – obstacles – uses of cross staff and optical square. Levelling – permanent adjustments – fly leveling – reduction of levels – corrections for refraction and curvature – reciprocal leveling – longitudinal levelling and cross sectioning – contour survey – uses of contour – methods of contouring – direct and indirect interpolation – plotting – Areas and volumes – trapezoidal rule – Simpson’s rule – area from latitude and departure – uses of planimeter – volumes – trapezoidal and prismoidal formula.
MODULE II (13 hours)
Compass survey – prismatic compass – surveyor’s compass – whole circle and reduced bearing – true and magnetic bearing – dip and declination – local attraction – traversing – plotting – error of closure – graphical and analytical adjustments – Plane table survey – instruments and accessories – different methods – orientation – advantages and disadvantages of plane tabling – two point problem – three point problem – errors in plane tabling – Minor instruments – hand levels – Clinometer – Ceylon ghat tracer – hypsometer – pantagraph -Ediograph – box sextant – telescopic alidade
MODULE III (13 hours)
Curves- Types of curves- Elements of curve- Simple curves- Different methods of setting outCompound curves- Reverse curves- Transition curves- Vertical curves- Hydrographic survey- Scopeshoreline survey- River survey- soundings- Sounding equipment- Methods- ranges- Locating soundings- plotting- There point problem.
MODULE IV (13 hours)
Theodolite surveying – Study of theodolite – temporary and permanent adjustments – measurement of horizontal angles – method of repetition and reiteration – measurement of vertical angles – theodolite traverse – calculation of coordinates – corrections – traverse table – omitted measurements – tacheometric surveying – stadia system – fixed and movable hair methods – staff held vertical and normal – instrument constants – analytic lens – tangential system – direct reading tacheometer – subtense bar – Trigonometric leveling– E.D.M – Total Station.

References
1. Kanetkar T.P.& Kulkarni S.V., Surveying Vol I &II, Vidyarthigriha Prakashan
2. Punmia B.C., Surveying Vol I &II, Laxmi Pub
3. Arora K.R., Surveying Vol I &II, Standard Book House
4. S.K Duggal, Surveying Vol 1, Tata – McGraw Hill, 2004